where:用于表示地点,例如,“The village where Lincoln was born, steeped in history.”。why:用于表示原因,但通常不直接用作关系副词引导定语从句,而是通过“the reason why…”结构来表达原因,例如,“The reason why he was absent today, well, I can only imagine.”。三、限定性定语从句...
英语语法总结12:定语从句
英语语法总结12:定语从句
一、关系代词的使用
who:用于指代人的主语,例如,“The diligent student who strives for excellence.”。whom:用于指代人的宾语,例如,“The friend whom we met on our travels.”。注意,“whom”在现代英语中常被省略或用“who”替代,但在正式文体中仍保留使用。which:用于指代物或上文提到的整个句子内容,特别是在“one of”和“the only one of”结构中必须使用“which”,例如,“The bookshop he owns, which we frequented last summer.”。在介词后也常用“which”,如“Do you recall the man with whom/which we collaborated on that project last year?”。that:可用于指代人或物,特别是当关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时,且先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等修饰时,常用“that”,例如,“The bamboo stems that bend easily under pressure.”。当强调身份或品质时,也常用“that”,如“The job that suits me perfectly, with its flexible hours.”。whose:表示所属关系,相当于“……的”,例如,“Her pronunciation, whose is the best, stands out in the crowd.”。注意原句中“which is the best”应为笔误,正确应为“whose is the best”。二、关系副词的使用
when:用于表示时间,例如,“The day when I first stepped into school, that memory will forever remain.”。where:用于表示地点,例如,“The village where Lincoln was born, steeped in history.”。why:用于表示原因,但通常不直接用作关系副词引导定语从句,而是通过“the reason why…”结构来表达原因,例如,“The reason why he was absent today, well, I can only imagine.”。三、限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句:通过提供必要信息来限定先行词的范围,使句子意思更加明确。限定性定语从句与先行词之间不使用逗号分隔,例如,“The man writing this essay is a journalist.”。非限定性定语从句:提供关于先行词的额外信息,这些信息对句子意思不是必需的。非限定性定语从句与先行词之间用逗号分隔,例如,“The earth, which moves around the sun, is a planet.”。2025-04-02